Art. 190 CCU: fraud in plain language
Article 190 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine defines fraud as taking another person’s property, or acquiring a right to property, by deception or abuse of trust. The article has five parts. The first describes fraud itself. The other parts describe the circumstances in which the law sets a heavier penalty: a repeat offence, a group in prior conspiracy, or significant damage to the victim; significant damage under martial law or a state of emergency; a large scale or illegal operations using computer equipment; an especially large scale or an organised group.
The note to Article 185, which also applies to Article 190, explains these words. Significant damage means a loss of 100 to 250 tax-free minimum incomes (NTMI), taking into account the victim’s financial situation. A large scale is an amount 250 or more times the NTMI at the time of the offence; an especially large scale is 600 or more times.
Below is what the law provides for each part of the article. The text follows the official edition of the Code of 18 September 2026.
What the law says: Part 1
The law provides for a fine of 2,000 to 3,000 tax-free minimum incomes (NTMI), community service of 200 to 240 hours, correctional labour for up to 2 years, probation supervision for up to 3 years, or restriction of liberty for the same term.
What the law says: Part 2
The law provides for a fine of 3,000 to 4,000 tax-free minimum incomes (NTMI), correctional labour from 1 to 2 years, restriction of liberty for up to 5 years, or imprisonment for up to 3 years.
What the law says: Part 3
The law provides for a fine of 4,000 to 8,000 tax-free minimum incomes (NTMI) or imprisonment from 3 to 5 years.
What the law says: Part 4
The law provides for imprisonment from 3 to 8 years.
What the law says: Part 5
The law provides for imprisonment from 5 to 12 years with confiscation of property.